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San Andrés (island)
San Andrés is a Colombian coral island in the Caribbean Sea. Historically tied to England, and politically part of Colombia, San Andrés and the nearby islands of Providencia and Santa Catalina form the department of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.〔Dydyńsk, pp. 166–168〕 San Andrés, in the southern group of islands, is the largest of the department. The official languages of the department are Spanish, English, and Creole.
While San Andrés is located south of Providencia, the Colombian archipelago is approximately east of Nicaragua〔Dydynsk, p.166〕 and about north of the Colombian mainland. This archipelago encompasses a total area of , including the outer cays, reefs, atolls and sand banks, with the area of the islands being .〔 In 2000, it was declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, named “Seaflower Biosphere Reserve”, which not only includes the islands but also about 10% of the Caribbean Sea, amounting to a vast marine area of .〔 The purpose of this declaration is to ensure that the ecosystem, which is rich in biodiversity, is well preserved and conserved.〔
The department's capital is located on the northern end of the island. Named San Andrés but nicknamed El Centro, it is the department's main urban center.〔〔Koopman, K.F. 1959. (The zoogeographical limits of the West Indies ). ''Journal of Mammalogy'' 40(2):236–240. (see p. 238)〕 Along the road〔 that circles the island there are many picturesque beaches, coral reefs, cays, geysers, and coves. Also of note are La Loma, the town of San Andrés, the Baptist Church, Seaquarium, the large pond of La Laguna, and a freshwater lake amidst mangrove forests. There are coconut palm plantations, lush pastures, and tall native trees reaching . Surrounded by the warm Caribbean Sea, all of these features have made the island an "exotic holiday destination".〔〔
==History==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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